Pakusarudza zvinhu zvekuvaka, kugadzira, kana mapurojekiti eDIY, aluminium uye simbi isina simbi mbiri dzesimbi dzinonyanya kufarirwa. Asi chii chaizvo chinovasiyanisa? Kunyangwe iwe uri injinjiniya, munhu anofarira zvekuzvivaraidza, kana kungoziva, kunzwisisa kusiyana kwavo kunogona kukubatsira kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo. Mune ino blog, tichaputsa zvivakwa zvavo, maapplication, mitengo, uye nezvimwe- zvinotsigirwa nenyanzvi masosi-kukubatsira iwe kusarudza zvinhu zvakafanira kune zvaunoda.
1. Maumbirwo: Zvakagadzirwa Nei?
Musiyano wakakosha pakati pealuminium nesimbi isina tsvina uri mukuumbwa kwadzo.
Aluminiumisimbi isingaremi, chena-chena inowanikwa mugoko reNyika. Aluminium yakachena yakapfava, saka inowanzobatanidzwa nezvinhu zvakaita semhangura, magnesium, kana silicon kuwedzera simba. Semuenzaniso, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya 6061 aluminium alloy ine magnesium nesilicon.
Simbi isina nguraIron-based alloy ine angangoita 10.5% chromium, iyo inogadzira passive oxide layer kuti irambe corrosion.. Magiredhi akajairwa senge 304 simbi isina tsvina anosanganisirawo nickel uye kabhoni.
2. Simba uye Kugara
Zvinodiwa zvesimba zvinosiyana nekushandisa, saka ngatienzanise yavo michina zvinhu.
Simbi isina ngura:
Simbi isina simbi yakasimba zvakanyanya kupfuura aruminiyamu, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakanyanya-kushushikana. Semuyenzaniso, giredhi 304 Stainless simbi ine tensile simba ~505 MPa, zvichienzaniswa ne6061 aruminiyamu's ~310 MPa.
Aluminium:
Kunyange zvazvo isina kusimba nevhoriyamu, aruminiyamu ine simba riri nani-ku-kurema reshiyo. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakwana kune zvikamu zvemuchadenga (senge mafuremu endege) uye maindasitiri ezvekufambisa uko kudzikisa huremu kwakakosha.
Saka, simbi isina simba yakasimba zvachose, asi aluminium inokunda kana simba rehuremu richikosha.
3. Corrosion Resistance
Masimbi ese ari maviri anopokana nekuora, asi maitiro awo akasiyana.
Simbi isina ngura:
Chromium musimbi isina simbi inopindirana neokisijeni kuita inodzivirira chromium oxide layer. Iri rinozvirapa rinodzivirira ngura, kunyange kana yakakwenya. Magiredhi akaita se316 simbi isina tsvina anowedzera molybdenum yekuwedzera kuramba kumvura yemunyu nemakemikari.
Aluminium:
Aluminium inongogadzira yakaonda oxide layer, ichiidzivirira kubva kune oxidation. Zvisinei, inowanzoita galvanic corrosion kana yakabatanidzwa nesimbi dzakasiyana munzvimbo dzakanyorova. Anodizing kana machira anogona kuwedzera kupikisa kwayo.
Saka, simbi isina simbi inopa kwakasimba corrosion kuramba, nepo aluminium inoda marapirwo ekudzivirira mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara.
4. Uremu: Aluminium Inokunda Yezviyero Zvishandiso
Aluminium density inosvika 2.7 g/cm³, isingasviki chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chesimbi isina tsvina 8 g/cm³,iyo iri kureruka zvikuru.
·Ndege uye zvikamu zvemotokari
·Zvemagetsi zvinotakurika (semuenzaniso, malaptop)
·Zvinhu zvevatengi zvakaita semabhasikoro uye giya rekumisasa
Stainless simbi heft yakanakira muzvishandiso zvinoda kugadzikana, semichina yemumaindasitiri kana zvitsigiro zvekuvaka.
5. Thermal uye Electrical Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity:
Aluminium inoitisa kupisa 3x zvirinani pane simbi isina tsvina, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune ekupisa, cookware, uye HVAC masisitimu.
Electrical Conductivity:
Aluminium inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumitsara yemagetsi uye wiring yemagetsi nekuda kwekukwira kwayo kwepamusoro (61% yemhangura). Simbi isina simbi haina kunaka conductor uye haiwanzo shandiswa mukushandisa magetsi.
6. Kuenzanisa Kwemari
Aluminium:
Kazhinji yakachipa kupfuura simbi isina simbi, nemitengo ichichinja-chinja zvichienderana nemitengo yesimba (kugadzirwa kwealuminium kunoda simba). Kubva 2023, aruminiyamu inodhura ~ $2,500 pametric toni.
Simbi isina ngura:
Kunyanya kudhura nekuda kwealloying zvinhu senge chromium uye nickel. Grade 304 Stainless steel avhareji ~$3,000 per metric toni.
Zano:Kune mapurojekiti ane hushamwari ane huremu, sarudza aluminium. Nekugara kwenguva refu munzvimbo dzakaoma, simbi isina tsvina inogona kupembedza mutengo wepamusoro.
7. Machinability uye Fabrication
Aluminium:
Yakapfava uye iri nyore kucheka, kukotama, kana kuburitsa. Yakanakira zvimiro zvakaoma uye nekukurumidza prototyping. Nekudaro, inogona kumisa maturusi nekuda kwekudzika kwayo kunyungudika.
Simbi isina ngura:
Zvakaoma kumuchina, zvinoda maturusi ane hunyanzvi uye kumhanya kunononoka. Nekudaro, inobata chaiwo maumbirwo uye inopedza zvakanaka, inokodzera michina yekurapa kana ruzivo rwekuvaka.
Pakurovera, simbi isina tsvina inoda inert gasi kudzivirira (TIG/MIG), ukuwo aluminium ichida kubata vane ruzivo kudzivirira kurwisana.
8. Common Applications
Aluminium Zvishandiso:
·Aerospace (ndege fuselages)
·Packaging (makani, foil)
·Kuvaka (mahwindo, denga)
·Zvifambiso (mota, ngarava)
Stainless Simbi Kushandisa:
·Zviridzwa zvekurapa
·Midziyo yekicheni (sink, cutlery)
·Makemikari ekugadzirisa matangi
·Marine hardware (mabhoti fittings)
9. Sustainability uye Recycling
Masimbi ese ari 100% anogona kushandiswazve:
·Kudzokorodza kwealuminium kunochengetedza 95% yesimba rinodiwa pakugadzirwa kwekutanga.
Mhedziso: Chii Chaunofanira Kusarudza?
Sarudza Aluminium Kana:
·Unoda zvinhu zvisingaremi, zvisingadhuri.
·Thermal/electric conductivity inokosha.
·Iyo purojekiti haisanganisi kushushikana kwakanyanya kana nharaunda dzinoora.
Sarudza Stainless Simbi Kana:
·Kusimba uye kusaita ngura ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosha.
·Iko kushandiswa kunosanganisira kupisa kwakanyanya kana makemikari akaomarara.
·Aesthetic kukwezva (semuenzaniso, akakwenenzverwa kupera) zvine basa.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-25-2025
